GW501516

Mechanism of Action:

Cardarine, also known as GW501516, is a selective agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) receptor. It displays high affinity and potency for PPARδ, which plays a significant role in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation in several tissues, such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.

The mechanism of action of Cardarine involves the activation of the PPARδ receptor, which in turn stimulates fatty acid oxidation, burning fat, and increasing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle tissue. This changes the body's metabolism to burn fat for energy instead of muscle or carbohydrates.

In addition to its effects on fat metabolism, Cardarine also plays a major role in the metabolic adaptations to a western diet characterized by an increase in muscle oxidative capacity.

It has been shown to improve skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism and reprogram muscle fiber types to enhance running endurance.

Furthermore, Cardarine has been found to increase the levels of intermediate metabolites and key enzymes in fatty acid oxidation pathways. It also raises serum levels of unsaturated fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Benefits:

1. Weight Loss: Cardarine may stimulate fatty acid oxidation, burning fat, and increasing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle tissue, which changes the body's metabolism to burn fat for energy instead of muscle or carbohydrates.

2. Improved Athletic Performance: Cardarine is known to increase endurance and stamina during workouts, making it a popular choice among athletes and bodybuilders.

3. Muscle Mass and Strength: Studies suggest that Cardarine not only increases muscle mass but can also improve body composition.

4. Metabolic Regulation: Cardarine can increase fatty acid oxidation, which has downstream benefits on muscular endurance and body composition.

5. Blood Lipid Profile: Some studies suggest that Cardarine has a positive effect on low-density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol) and high-density lipoprotein (good cholesterol).

6. Cognitive Health: Preliminary studies suggest that Cardarine can boost cognitive health through different mechanisms.

Side effects:

1. Cancer Risk: Cardarine has been linked to a higher rate of numerous cancers in animal studies. Long-term animal studies have shown an increase in tumor formation.

2. Liver Toxicity: There have been reports of elevated liver enzymes in Cardarine users, indicating that the liver may be under stress. Constant high levels of Cardarine have shown to cause liver toxicity.

3. Cardiovascular Issues: Cardarine may affect blood pressure regulation and has been reported to cause an increase in systolic blood pressure, potentially leading to hypertension or other cardiac issues.

4. Muscle Cramps and Joint Pain: Users have reported muscle cramps during workouts and joint pain, which can be painful and may limit the ability to perform.

5. Nausea and Stomach Discomfort: Some users feel nauseated after consuming Cardarine, while others report persistent stomach discomfort.

6. Headaches: Frequent or severe headaches have been reported, especially among those who may overdose or misuse the substance.

7. Insomnia: Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep has been noted as a side effect of Cardarine.

8. Nervousness and Anxiety: Some people feel nervous, restless, and anxious when using Cardarine, which could be related to how it affects the brain and nervous system.

9. Loss of Appetite: Cardarine can make some users feel less hungry, which can make it challenging to consume enough calories for muscle building.

Interactions:

Specific drug interactions with Cardarine are not well-documented, as the drug is still in the investigational stage and comprehensive clinical trials have not been conducted. However, it's worth noting that any substance can potentially interact with other drugs, especially if they have similar mechanisms of action or are metabolized by the same enzymes in the body.

Dosing Guidelines:

In clinical trials, doses of Cardarine ranging from 2.5 to 10 mg per day have been administered. Athletes typically take 10-20mg per day for 6-12 weeks. If a 20mg dose is chosen, it is recommended to split it into two portions – 10mg in the morning and 10mg in the evening, as the half-life of GW-501516 is around 16 hours.

For women, it is suggested to start dosing Cardarine at 2.5 – 5mg every other day However, some sources suggest a daily dosage of 10mg for women.

**The information provided on this post is intended solely for educational purposes and should not be considered a replacement for professional medical advice. Additionally, it is important to note that research chemicals are intended solely for laboratory study by professional researchers and are not intended for human consumption.